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Robertson Davies, CC, FRSC, FRSL (born August 28, 1913 at Thamesville, Ontario, and died December 2, 1995 at Orangeville, Ontario) was a Canadian novelist, playwright, critic, journalist, and professor. He was one of Canada's right-known & virtually all popular authors, and one of its virtually all distinguished men-of-letters.

Biography
Early life
Growing higher, Davies was surrounded by books & language. His father, Senator William Rupert Davies, was a correspondent, & each his parents were voracious readers. He, successively, understand all about he can. He besides participated around theatrical productions as the child, inside which he developed a womb-to-tomb interest in drama.

He attended Upper Canada College in Toronto from 1926 to 1932 and then studied at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario from 1932 until 1935. At Queen's he was enrolled as the favorite student non working towards a degree. He left Canada to learn at Balliol College, Oxford, where he received the BLit degree within 1938. A next season he published his thesis, ''Shakespeare's Boy Actors'', and embarked on an acting career outside London. Within 1940 he played small roles & did literary act for a director at the Old Vic Repertory Company in London. Besides that month Davies married Australian Brenda Mathews, whom he had met at Oxford, & world health organization wwhen so working as stage manager for the theatre.

Davies' early life provided him by having themes & lesson to which he would typically link to inside his late function, including a theme of Canadians giving to Engl& to finish their education, and a theatre.

Middle years
Davies & his newly bride returned to Canada inside 1940, in which he took a position of literary editor at Saturday Night Magazine. Both years late, he became editor of the Peterborough Examiner in the small city of Peterborough, Ontario, northeast of Toronto. Once againside he was a cappella to mine his lives on text for several of the characters & situations which late appeared in his novels & plays.

When you took his tenure when editor of the Examiner, which lasted from either 1942 to 1955, and once he was publisher from either 1955 to 1965, Davies published a aggregate Xviii books, produced many of his have plays & wrote articles for various journals.

For instance, Davies placed retired his theory of acting in his Shakespeare for Young Players (1947) and then put theory into practice whenever he wrote Eros at Breakfast, a 1-work play which was named better American play of the season per 1948 Dominion Drama Festival.

Eros at Breakfast was followed inside close succession by Fortune, My Foe in 1949 and ''At My Heart's Core, a three-act play, in 1950. Meanwhile, Davies was writing humourous essays in the Examiner under a pseudonym Samuel Marchbanks. A few one were collected & published in The Diary of Samuel Marchbanks (1947), The Table Talk of Samuel Marchbanks (1949), and late inside Samuel Marchbanks' Almanack (1967). (An omnibus edition of a troika Marchbanks books, by having recently notes per creator, was published under the title The Papers of Samuel Marchbanks'' in 1985.)

Besides when you took a 1950s, Davies played a major role around launching a Stratford Shakespearean Festival of Canada. He served on the Festival's board of governors & collaborated by owning a Festival's director, Sir Tyrone Guthrie, in publishing leash books all about a Festival's early years.

Although his foremost love was drama & he experienced achieved a select few profits sustaining his occasional humourous essays, Davies obtained greater profits around fiction. His number 1 3 novels, which afterwards became called The Salterton Trilogy, were Tempest-Tost (1951), Leaven of Malice (1954) (which won the Stephen Leacock Award for Humour), and A Mixture of Frailties (1958). These novels explored the difficulty of getting the ethnic life within Canada, & life in a microscopic-town newspaper, cases of which Davies experienced number 1-hand cognition.

The 1960s
Within 1960 Davies joined Trinity College at the University of Toronto, where he would teach literature until 1981. the ensuing month he published a collectiin of essays on literature, A Voice From the Attic, and was awarded a Lorne Pierce Medal for his literary achievements.

Around 1963 he became the Master of Massey College, the University of Toronto's newly graduate college. In a period of his stint when Master, he initiated the tradition of writing & telling ghost stories at the each year Christmas celebrations. His stories were late collected inside his book High Spirits (1982).

The 1970s
Davies drew inside his interest in Jungian psychology to create what was mayhap his greatest novel: Fifth Business (1970), a book that draws heavy in Davies' have lives, his love of myth and magic and his knowledge of microscopic-town mores. a storyteller, such as Davies, is of immigrant American background, using a father world health organization diarrhea the town paper. A book's characters work inside roles that about correspond to Jungian archetypes according to Davies' belief in a predominance of the spirit over the items of the globe.

Davies built on the profits of Fifth Business sustaining ii additional novels: The Manticore (1972), the novel cast largely in the form of a Jungian analysis (for which he received that year's Governor-General's Literary Award), and World of Wonders (1975). Together these tercet books come to become referred to as The Deptford Trilogy.

The 1980s and 1990s
Once Davies retired from either his position at the University, his seventh novel, a irony of academic life, The Rebel Angels (1981), was published, followed by ''What's Bred in the Bone (1985). These ii books, along by using his next 1, became called The Cornish Trilogy.

When you took his retirement he continued to write novels which further established him as a major figure in the literary globe: The Lyre of Orpheus (1988) (the final installment in The Cornish Trilogy), Murther and Walking Spirits (1991) and The Cunning Man (1994). He too realized an extended-held dream after he penned a libretto to an opera: The Golden Ass, based on The Metamorphoses'' of Lucius Apuleius, just such as that written by one of a characters around Davies' 1958 The Mixture of Frailties. A opera was performed per Canadian Opera Company at the Hummingbird Centre in Toronto, in April, 1999, several years fallowing Davies' demise.

Awards and recognition
Won a Dominion Drama Festival Award for best American play inside 1948 for Eros at Breakfast. Won a Stephen Leacock Award for Humour in 1955 for Leaven of Malice. Won a Lorne Pierce Medal for his literary achievements around 1961. Won a Governor-General's Literary Award in the English language fiction category in 1972 for The Manticore. Short-used for the Booker Prize for Fiction in 1986 for ''What's Bred in the Bone. First Our contries to be an Honorary Member of the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters. Companion of the Order of Canada.

Bibliography
Essays
Fictional essays
The Diary of Samuel Marchbanks (1947) The Table Talk of Samuel Marchbanks (1949) Samuel Marchbanks' Almanack (1967) The Papers of Samuel Marchbanks (1985) (an omnibus of the three Marchbanks books, by having fresh notes per creator)

Criticism Shakespeare's Boy Actors (1939) Shakespeare for Young Players: A Junior Course (1942) Renown at Stratford (1953) (with Tyrone Guthrie) Twice Have the Trumpets Sounded (1954) (with Tyrone Guthrie) Thrice the Brindled Cat Hath Mew'd (1955) (with Tyrone Guthrie) A Voice From the Attic (1960) A Feast of Stephen (1970) Stephen Leacock (1970) One Half of Robertson Davies (1977) The Enthusiasms of Robertson Davies (1979) (edited by Judith Skelton Grant) Well-Tempered Critic (1981) The Mirror of Nature (1983) Reading and Writing (1993) (two essays, late collected in The Merry Heart) The Merry Heart (1996) Happy Alchemy (1997) (edited by Jennifer Surridge and Brenda Davies)

Novels
The Salterton Trilogy
Tempest-Tost (1951) Leaven of Malice (1954) A Mixture of Frailties (1958) The Deptford Trilogy Fifth Business (1970) The Manticore (1972) World of Wonders (1975) The Cornish Trilogy The Rebel Angels (1981) What's Bred in the Bone (1985) The Lyre of Orpheus'' (1988) The "Toronto Trilogy" (Davies' final, incomplete, trilogy) Murther and Walking Spirits (1991) The Cunning Man (1994)

Short stories
High Spirits (1982)

Plays
Overlaid (1948) Fortune My Foe (1949) Eros at Breakfast (1949) ''At My Heart's Core (1950) A Masque of Aesop (1952) A Jig for the Gypsy (1955) A Masque of Mr. Punch (1963) Question Time (1975) Brothers in the Black Art (1981) Hunting Stuart (1994) The Voice of the People (1994)

Libretto
The Golden Ass (1999)

Letters
For Your Eye Alone (2000) (edited by Judith Skelton Grant) Discoveries (2002) (edited by Judith Skelton Grant)

Collections
The Quotable Robertson Davies: The Wit and Wisdom of the Master'' (2005) (collected by James Channing Shaw)

Robertson Davies
Biography, bibliography, interviews, reviews, photographs, quotations, memorials and obituaries.

The Cunning Man Reading Group Guide
Includes a profile of the book, biography, interview, discussion questions, and related titles.

Robertson Davies
Biographical and bibliographical information.

Allreaders: Robertson Davies
Reviews of several books.

Interview with Robertson Davies
From Raymond H. Thompson's "Interviews with Authors of Modern Arthurian Literature".

The Canadian Encyclopedia: Robertson William Davies
Biography and picture of the author.

Canadian Writers: Robertson Davies
Biography, photo, and links.






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